Introversion and Creativity

Self preoccupation and Creativity Self preoccupation The Stairway to the Horizon of Creativity In the article The Rise of the New Groupthink (Published on January 13, 2012), Susan Cain raises the mindfulness that the ascent of gathering working is progressively supplanting autonomous working despite the fact that it is significant in everyones life. By which, lead us to an existence where gathering meetings to generate new ideas are presently the new pattern and private reasoning is antiquated. Susan Cain is an American essayist, a teacher, a top of the line writer of a book about self preoccupation in 2012 who experiences issues talking out in the open and through those troubles, built up an enthusiasm for expounding on introspection. Her paper The Rise of the New Groupthink has opened up a totally different viewpoint about how significant self preoccupation is, and how overlooked it has been throughout the years. Through my encounters, I bolster Cains thought that isolation and self preoccupation are imperative to everyones life and there ought to be a harmony among isolatio n and gathering figuring, not simply give all the kindness to assemble thinking and totally forgot about contemplation. Subsequent to exploring different investigations of analysts, Cain remains in favor of introspection, expressing that it is a significant factor for imagination and musings. What's more, as per another of her article The Rise of the New Groupthink and the Power of Working Alone she utilizes a run of the mill average day for Mr. Steve Wozniak, the prime supporter of Apple, as an important model. The greater part of Wozniaks work originated from constantly and difficult work of inside his desk area at Hewlett-Packard. Hed show up alone around 6:30 am, promptly in the first part of the day, read building magazines, and look at chip manuals, making arrangements, setting up structures in his brain. After work, hed return home, make a fast spaghetti or Microwavable dinner, at that point drive back to the working environment and work even until it spends 12 PM. He depicts this time of calm midnights and single early morning as the greatest high ever. Steve Wozniak is perhaps the greatest na me there is with regards to contemplative virtuosos. As observing Steve Wozniak as a significant model, Cain recognizes the significance of introspection and how it very well may be an enormous assistance in people groups work and innovativeness. Additionally, she states two primary reasons that help fortify her affirmations and make it much progressively strong. Those two primary reasons are the long-term bond between self preoccupation with innovativeness and people groups efficiency. As a matter of first importance, isolation has for some time been connected with innovativeness. Through Rise of the New Groupthink Cain harden her thought by inspecting the examination of two analysts Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi and Gregory Feist, from which expresses that most imaginative individuals from a wide range of fields are normally contemplative people. This is most likely on the grounds that that withdrawn individuals are content with working alone, and just by being separated from everyone else would they be able to build their imagination and imaginativeness. This thought of Cain addresses me quite well since when I was youthful, I really encounters exactly how significant isolation is for an independent individual. My uncle is a game developer, not a top dog in the business, however he has been working in a really stable employment in an organization named Ubisoft. He cherishes introspection more than all else when hes working. He got huge amounts of undertakings to deal w ith constantly, yet he never works with anybody, he said that he cannot work or produces any thoughts when he needs to work in a gathering. What's more, I really witness it when he took me to work one day. When conceptualizing with a gathering, he can't thinks because of a variety of thoughts, assessments from the collaborator. Be that as it may, after that is finished, and hes back to his desk area, his imagination simply like return and his appointed assignment was finished with extraordinary rating from each associate for the new thoughts and inventiveness of the game. Through my uncle experience, self preoccupation has demonstrated to be a basic factor and an essential element for innovativeness. Simultaneously, contemplation and isolation are firmly relate with the need of protection. Shockingly, security has an enormous impact in progressively efficiency. By having security, one can feels the great and opportunity from interruption that raise their center, and, hence increment their profitability. From a fairly fascinating investigation known as the Coding War Games, from crafted by in excess of 600 software engineers at 92 organizations, advisors Tom DeMarco and Timothy Lister looked at among them and they found that from similar organizations, the laborers performed at generally a similar level with one another. In any case, between association, there a tremendous hole! What's more, exactly what made that tremendous hole? It was the protection, individual workspace and opportunity from interference their organization gives (Sixty-two percent of the best entertainers said their work space was adequately private). Through the exploration on the examination, Cain shows us ex actly how fundamental protection is to our own imagination and profitability. Its no ifs, ands or buts that protection has a great deal of impacts on ones execution. Much the same as the software engineers, our psyches need their private chance to think, to be progressively innovative. By having the security and the agreeable space varying, ones profitability will increment drastically. In any case, regardless of having such significant components, self preoccupation despite everything miss the mark in the race with bunch conceptualizing of being the thinking pattern about the general public. Susan Cain likewise expresses this circumstance in Rise of the New Groupthink: Solitude is outdated. The greater part of us currently work in groups, in workplaces without dividers, for administrators who prize relationship building abilities most importantly. Solitary masters are out. Cooperation is in. The inquiry is the reason? Why gathering conceptualizing got so much credit yet self preoccupation wont? The reasons are that society presently observes bunch filling in as a decent path for individuals to figure out how to function with others, cause them to feel progressively great when working with others, and besides, settle on preferred choice over the choice that an individual makes. In any case, different investigations really conflict with this announcement. Studies sho w that workplaces with no private work space for laborers really make them awkward, occupied and shaky. Theyre additionally simpler to experience the ill effects of pressure and fatigue because of people watching all that they do. The examinations likewise show that individuals who works in simple diverted condition commit 50 percent more errors and accept twice as long to complete it. Therefore, self preoccupation shows its boss sides over gathering working. However, for the general public to acknowledges and give more credits for introspection, may take a serious long time. Through the course of a general public that continues progressing and creating, self preoccupation assumes a major job in making every last bit of it materializes. Be that as it may, presently, as gathering working builds, introspection is step by step being forgotten about. In the event that one day self preoccupation is totally gone, there won't just restricted the pace of innovativeness inside the general public, yet in addition our childhood may never realize how accommodating introspection is to their inventiveness. What's more, without the youthful ages innovativeness, the future ahead won't be splendid. Work Cited Cain, Susan. The Rise of the New Groupthink. The New York Times. The New York Times, 14 Jan. 2012. Web. 16 Feb. 2017. . Maryellen, Weimer, Phd . Five Things Students Can Learn through Group Work. Staff Focus | Higher Ed Teaching Learning. N.p., 24 Aug. 2016. Web. 16 Feb. 2017. . Cook, Gareth. The Power of Introverts: A Manifesto for Quiet Brilliance. Logical American. N.p., 24 Jan. 2012. Web. 16 Feb. 2017. . Susan, Cain. The Rise of the New Groupthink and the Power of Working Alone. The Rise of the New Groupthink and the Power of Working Alone. Susan Cain, 3 June 2015. Web. 16 Feb. 2017. .

The Plight Of The Artist in Modern Drama, A Study on Bernard Shaw's Essay

The Plight Of The Artist in Modern Drama, A Study on Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion - Essay Example A few times in the dramatization, Mrs. Pearce and Mrs. Higgins, Henry Higgin’s mother, solicited Henry Higgins what will become from Eliza after her change (Shaw). Higgins doesn't discover these worries as more significant than his objective of changing Eliza into a Duchess in habits and discourse (Shaw Act 2). His mentality shows absence of lack of care for the predicament of a lady whose life he is changing (Nienhuis 3). He doesn't have the rearing of an individual, just the keenness of a scholastic master. Olukayode A. Afolabi would have portrayed Higgins as ailing in enthusiastic insight since he can't screen his sentiments and the sentiments of others to react decidedly (126). Higgins has the predicament of individual versus social implicit rules. Various researchers talk about the predicament of the courageous woman. Nienhuis additionally talks about Eliza’s predicament in the story. He clarifies that Eliza’s situation is that, since she has been changed from a lower-class lady to a high society one, she accepts she can't fit any. Privileged life is unreasonably refined for her, while lower-class living is not, at this point adequate (Nienhuis 3), which shows Eliza’s good judgment as an accommodating individual (Mellor 345). This matches Social Identity Theory, where individuals communicate with different gatherings through their social character more than their individual personality (Sindic and Reicher 114). Eliza considers herself to be as a major aspect of another class that is in the middle of two universes. Her predicament is likewise with her adoration life and the course she needs in the wake of being changed. Toward the finish of the play, Eliza blows up at Higgins for being so inhumane, and to a great extent in view of how he abuses her as a â€Å"social inferior† (Nienhuis 3). It shows the individual versus-individual clash in view of various observations on how individuals ought to be dealt with. Neelam and Rao attest that Eliza has the existence power of a free lady that permitted her to outperform the contentions in

MBA 12, creates senior care start-up in Singapore COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Gillian Tee, MIA/MBA 12, creates senior care start-up in Singapore COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Barely 10 minutes into the interview, Miss Gillian Tee is asking for time out and a drink of water. The 34-year-old had no problems handling the cut and thrust of New York and Silicon Valley technopreneurship for a decade, but talking about her late nanny and maternal grandmother is making her teary and a tad emotional. Youre good, she says, sheepishly dabbing the tears at the corner of her eyes. Her late nanny, then a 60-something woman from Kuala Lumpur, practically raised her until she was 10, while her maternal grandmother lovingly cocooned her from the turbulence of her parents divorce during her teens. It was rough, but they were a source of comfort. They had a huge impact on my life, says Ms Tee, adding that she developed a soft spot for the elderly as a result. This affinity is one of the reasons she gave up a heady career in New York City and Silicon Valley, where she co-founded Rocketrip, a start-up to reduce travel costs, which has raised US$18 million (S$25 million) in funding. She is now home in Singapore where she has set up Homage, a start-up which connects professional caregivers with seniors who need help. Read the rest of the interview at Straitstimes.com. [Video still courtesy of Straitstime.com]

My Major Work Is A Short Story Consisting Of Four Parallel

My major work is a short story consisting of four parallel plots to explore the concept of nationalism and xenophobia in Australia. It specifically looks at the impact of these concepts on refugees. My aim is to encourage my audience to formulate conscious political opinions and change hostile perceptions of refugees. My major work is set primarily in a detention center and contains accounts of 4 polarised characters highly involved in the refugee situation—a young Syrian refugee, an older Sri Lankan refugee, a photographer and a bureaucrat. The inclusion of multiple characters in a tandem-narrative structure reinforces their vastly different reactions to the effects of detention. For example, one refugee embraces hope in exchange for†¦show more content†¦To date, I have written first drafts for all four perspectives, and am in the process of concreting the point of view that will be conveyed—first, second, or third and writing it respectively. Depicting the re fugee accounts in first person forces the audience to look at the world from a different perspective. By doing so, the reader is able to take on the refugees’ perspective as his own and to understand the their struggle and outlook on life. In contrast, I want to create distance between the bureaucrat and audience, reflecting his hard-headedness, hence my deliberate choice of third person. Inspired by Italo Calvino’s If on a Winters Night a Traveler (1979), I have decided to use second person for the photographer’s accounts. Pictures and photographs tend to talk directly to an individual—which is exactly what second person does. For someone who lives life through a lens, to use second person, seems to me, the most natural and the only logical choice. Although I have researched the issue extensively and drawn inspiration from multiple sources, I find myself constantly learning new things. Since this topic controversial, the debate constantly grows and evolv es. I am also in the process of improving the complication and climax. I initially wrote each perspective separately (in block form) to allow myself a sense of direction and focus while writing, and to easily track changes. However,Show MoreRelatedStylistic Analysis10009 Words   |  41 Pages â€Å"The Song of Hiawatha† (Introduction)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...14-18 Chapter 2. Romantic and lyrical figure of Robert Burns†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦18 2.1. General stylistic features of R. Burns’s poem â€Å"My Heart’s in the Highlands†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..18-21 2.2. The style in â€Å"My Heart’s in the Highlands†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦21-23 Chapter 3. Lexical, syntactic expressive means and stylistic devices in:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.24 3.1. â€Å"Young and Old† by Charle Kingsley†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦24-26 3.2. â€Å"Out ofRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagesdemocratic utopia use of reason history is an act of individual and national self-assertion Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · political pamphlets travel writing highly ornate writing style fiction employs generic plots and characters fiction often tells the story of how an innocent young woman is tested by a seductive male Effect: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · patriotism grows instills pride creates common agreement about issues shows differences between Americans and Europeans Historical Context: ï‚ · ï‚ · tells readersRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words   |  31 Pageswith the Night provides us with an example of alliteration,: I have stood still and stopped the sound of feet. 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Office Depot Operations Management - 1252 Words

Office Depot: Operations is the Key to Success! Organizations large or small all strive to be successful through fostering a culture of great people, great processes, great products, and great results. Typically, three main functions play into an organization, marketing, operations, and financial accountability. Marketing generates the demand through the promotion of goods and services. Operations creates the goods, handles the movement of the goods, and ensures successful final delivery of the goods or service. The financial accountability is how the organization is doing financially concerning accounts receivable and accounts payable. Of the three, operations is arguably the most important to the success of an organization and has many key components that play into this success including operations strategies, supply chain, inventory control, and cost leadership to name a few. Operations management is defined as the design, execution, and control of operations that convert resource s into desired goods and services, while implementing an organizations business strategy (Business Dictionary, 2015). Office Depot Inc. is one such organization that truly understands that solid operations is the foundation to the success they have had in recent years. In this paper, I will give the history and background of Office Depot Inc. and explain why they have been able to keep such a competitive advantage in the consumer and small business supply industry. Additionally, I willShow MoreRelatedInventory Management : Office Depot1070 Words   |  5 PagesInventory Management Office Depot uses multiple inventory strategies to order products. 90% to 95% of goods are ordered through automatic replenishment, manual replenishment, pull replenishment, and global sourcing are also used depending on channel, volume, velocity and cost. (Office Depot, 2015). 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Marketing and Refrigerators Free Essays

string(50) " the distributors work directly with the company\." MARKETING PROJECT BIMM(PGDM-A) GROUP MEMBERS: * BHOOMIKA JOSHI * HIRAL SAVLA * PRIYANKA VARDANI * SWATI DIXIT * SHRUTI SANCHETI * SNEHA UPADHAYA * RUMPA SARKAR INDIAN REFRIGERATOR INDUSTRY (MARKET ANALYSIS) Refrigerator market in India Refrigerators have been manufactured in India since 1950s. Till the 1980s players like Godrej , Kelvinator , Allwyn amp; Voltas controlled almost 90% of the market. Earlier the white goods sector was categorized as a luxury goods industry and was subject to oppressive taxation amp; licensing. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing and Refrigerators or any similar topic only for you Order Now The situation changed after the liberalization of the Indian economy in the early 1990s. The government removed all restrictions and now there is no restriction on foreign investments and licences are no longer required. Post-liberalization , a number of foreign companies entered the market and many domestic players also diversified into refrigerators. BPL amp; VIDEOCON who already had a presence in the consumer electronics market leveraged their strengths to enter the durables sector. The refrigerator, today, quite simply is an indispensable item of everyday use. The refrigerator market has registered almost 40% growth over the last 4 years – from 3. 3million units in 2004/05 to 4. million units in 2008/09. With growing disposable incomes and a low penetration level for the category (34% even in urban India), the market is set to explode in the coming five years. The present scenario in India is that refrigerators have the most aspirational value after televisions. This shows that the growth rate of refrigerator is high. Today refrigerators are being manufactured in two basic designs which are: a) Direct Cool Refrigerator b) Frost Free Refrigerator In these two designs of refrigerators, the direct cool design market is much more than the expensive frost-free models. Although the growth is marginal in the direct cool models, the major factor for its growth is the availability of low priced models. Indian refrigerator market is valued at Rs 4000 crore. Refrigerators hold only 16% of consumer durable market that is valued at around Rs. 20,000-25,000 crore in India. Its market is growing at the rate of 7-8% annually. MAJOR BRANDS OF REFRIGERATORS IN INDIA: * Akai Refrigerators| * Allwyn Refrigerators| * BPL Refrigerators| * Daewoo Refrigerators| * Electrolux Refrigerators| * Frigidaire Refrigerators| * GE Refrigerators| * Godrej Refrigerators| Hitachi Refrigerators| * Kelvinator Refrigerators| * LG Refrigerators| Whirlpool Refrigerators| * Samsung Refrigerators| Sharp Refrigerators| * Siemens Refrigerators| * Videocon Refrigerators| * Voltas Refrigerators| * | SWOT analysis for Indian Refrigerator Industry Strengths: 1. Presence of established distribution networks in both urban and rural areas 2. Presence of well-known brands 3. In recent years, or ganized sector has increased its share in the market vis a vis the unorganized sector. Weaknesses 1. Demand is seasonal and is high during festive seasonal 2. Demand is dependent on good monsoons 3. Poor government spending on infrastructure 4. Low purchasing power of consumers Opportunities : 1. In India, the penetration level of white goods is lower as compared to other developing countries. 2. Unexploited rural market 3. Rapid urbanization 4. Increase in income levels, i. e. increase in purchasing power of consumers 5. Easy availability of finance Threats: 1. Higher import duties on raw materials imposed in the Budget 2007-08 2. Cheap imports from Singapore, China and other Asian countries COMPETITIVE FORCES IN INDIAN REFRIGERATOR INDUSTRY: The model of pure competition implies that risk-adjusted rates of return should be constant across firms and industries. However, numerous economic studies have affirmed that different industries can sustain different levels of profitability; part of this difference is explained by industry structure. Refrigerators constitute the second largest product segment within the Indian consumer durables sectors in India. On the basis of Michael Porter’s five forces model an industry faces the following competitive forces: Diagram of Porter’s 5 Forces | SUPPLIER POWER Supplier concentration Importance of volume to supplier Differentiation of inputs Impact of inputs on cost or differentiation Switching costs of firms in the industry Presence of substitute inputs Threat of forward integration Cost relative to total purchases in industry|   | BARRIERS TO ENTRY Absolute cost advantages Proprietary learning curve Access to inputs Government policy Economies of scale Capital requirements Brand identity Switching costs Access to distribution Expected retaliation Proprietary products| | THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES -Switching costs -Buyer inclination to substitute -Price-performance trade-off of substitutes| | BUYER POWER Bargaining leverage Buyer volume Buyer information Brand identity Price sensitivity Threat of backward integration Product differentiation Buyer concentration vs. indusry. Substitutes available Buyers’ incentives| DEGREE OF RIVALRY -Exit barriers -Industry concentration -Fixed costs/Value added -Industry growth -Intermittent overcapacity -Product differences -Switching costs -Brand identity -Diversity of rivals -Corporate stakes| Designing Competitive Strategies of Refrigerators: A market with competition may typically be occupied by: * MARKET LEADER- LG (29. 4%) * MARKET CHALLANGER- WHIRLPOOL (25%) * MARKET FOLLOWER- GODREJ (22%) MARKET NICHES- HAIER (5%) MARKET LEADER (LG) STRATEGIES: LG marketing strategy is to increase its market share. LG’s new strategy aims to focus on the premium segment of the market that fetches greater margins as opposed to volumes. The company claims this will benefit its consumers, channel partners and stakeholders as it focuses on products that drive rapid gro wth and lead in their brand category to create value for customers. In India for more than a decade now, LG is the market leader in consumer durables and recognized as a leading technology innovator in the information technology. LG is the acknowledged trendsetter for the consumer durable industry in India with the fastest ever nationwide reach, latest global technology and product innovation. Indian challenges The challenges faced by LG when it entered the market in 1995 were: †¢ Low brand awareness about LG in India. †¢ One of the last MNCs to enter India. (Samsung, Sony ;amp; Panasonic entered in 1995 ;amp; LG in 1997. ) †¢ High import duty. †¢ Competition from local players and other multinational companies in the consumer Electronics segment †¢ Price sensitiveness of Indian consumers Factors for success: Innovative marketing strategies (pre-emptive defense) To make itself a known brand in this sector, LG has taken innovative marketing and promotional initiatives: †¢ Launch of new technologies in the sector. It has state of art, R;amp;D labs in Pune and Bangalore. (position defense) LG with its motive of â€Å"life’s good† Regional channel strategy and wide distribution network LG has adopted the regional distribution model in India. All the distributors work directly with the company. You read "Marketing and Refrigerators" in category "Papers" This has resulted in quicker rotation of stocks, and better penetration into the B, C, and D class markets. LG also follows the strategy of stock rotation, rather than dumping stocks on channel partners. LG has over 46 branch offices and another 110 area offices across the country. LG had set a target of developing 2,000 dealers in 2004, in addition to the existing 3,000 dealers all over India. LG MARKET SEGMENTATION: Market segmentation can be done on the basis of : * Geographic segmentation: Region: all metro cities and suburbs. * Demographic segmentation: Family size: 1-2, 3-4, 5+ Gender: male, female. Income: 3, 00, 000Rs and above. Social class: working class, middle class and upper middle class. Psychographic segmentation: Lifestyle: culture oriented, health oriented. * Behavioural segmentation: Occasions: festivals and regular occasions. Benefits: quality, service. Loyalty status: none, medium, strong, absolute. Readiness stage: unaware, aware, interested, desirous, intending to buy. LG MARKET TARGETING: * LG has targeted its market on the basis of the product that they are offering to the consumer, so they are following market specialization. * They are targeting: * Upper class segment * Upper end * They are targeting to those consumer who are more concern of style product. Their product is more of upper mid class and premium segment, their target audience are those consumers, who want quality product as the best price. * LG is now going to shift over to mid class segment and want to mass market their product. LG MARKET POSITIONING SRATEGY: * With the tagline Life’s Good ,LG positioning is to differentiate their products on the basis of technology which appealed to the consumer on the basis of health benefits. * With the tagline ‘Life’s Good’ its corporate philosophy to make people’s lives better, convenient and healthier. * Their positioning strategy is technologically intelligent and futuristic. As they are in upper and premium segment, so they are featuring that their brand is young, vibrant and premium. * They are talking about the value and changing lifestyles in their positioning strategy. LG PRODUCT RANGE LG refrigerators are divided into three categories :- 1. Single door refrigerators 2. Double door refrigerators 3. Side by side refrigerators Different models available under each category are :- 1. SINGLE DOOR REFRIGERATORS (price range varies from9400 to 15800 Rs) * 27O Lts – GL- 281 (3models) * 235 LTS – GL -245 (5models) * 215 LTS – GL 225 (4 models) ;amp; models ) 185 LTS – GL 195 (6 models) 2. DOUBLE DOOR REFRIGERATORS (price range varies from 14750 to 60900 Rs) * 604 LT – GR M712YSQ * 559 LT – GR B652YSP * 491 LT – GL 548 (2) * 466 LT – GL 528 (3) * 422 LT – GL 478 (2) * 390 LT – GL 405 (2) ;amp; GL 408 (2) * 350 LT – GL 365 (2) ;amp; GL 368 (3) * 320 LT – GL 335 (4) ;amp; 338 (2) * 290 LT – GL 305 (3) ;amp; GL308 (2) * 260 LT – GL 27 (2), GL 275 (3) ;amp; GL 278 * 240 LT – GL258 (3), GL 255 (3) ;amp; GL 254 3. SIDE-BY-SIDE REFRIGERATOR ( price range varies from 58000 to 175000 Rs) * 721 LT – GR P267BTB * 693 LT – GR P247JHM/ CSP 567 LT – GCP227 (3) * 581 LT – GCB21 (2) * 567 LT – GC L217 (2) MARKET CHALLENGER (WHIRLPOOL) STRATEGY With 25% market share whirlpool is the Market challenger for the refrigerator Market: Whirlpool’s international outlook was initiated in 1958 when it entered Brazil, but it was the ‘80’s that marked the beginning of Whirlpool’s aggressive strategy to be a world-wide competitor. India was identified as a growth market in late ‘80’s when Whirlpool Corporation entered into a joint venture agreement with TVS group to produce automatic washers at a plant set up in Pondicherry. This was a modest beginning was made to establish the Whirlpool brand in India. In 1995 Whirlpool Corporation acquired Kelvinator of India Limited and entered into the Refrigerator market in India. In late 1995 majority ownership was gained in the TVS joint venture and the two entities were merged to form Whirlpool of India Limited in 1996. Housewives: The advertising tagline is ‘Your magic in Homemaking’, which inspires the Indian housewife to buy its product. 6th sense cooling: 6th sense cooling is the patent technology of whirlpool, with which it is trying to capture market share of the Indian refrigerator market. Economy: Whirlpool has understood Indian market very closely and has been launching products as per the requirement of the customer from different segments. Whirlpool segmented the market mainly on the basis of price and capacity. Price has been kept keeping the needs and wants of the customer and product is designed such that it is feasible to every customer. Whirlpool has segmented its refrigerators under three segment: WHIRLPOOL MARKET SEGMENTATION: a)Geographic segmentation: Region: all metro cities and suburbs areas. b) Demographic segmentation: Family size: 1-2, 3-4, 5+ Gender: male, female. Income: 1,50,000Rs and above. Social class: working class, middle class and upper middle class. c)Psychographic segmentation: Lifestyle: culture oriented d)Behavioural segmentation: Occasions: festivals and regular occasions. Benefits: quality, service, economically viable Loyalty status: none, medium, strong, absolute. Readiness stage: unaware, aware, interested, desirous, intending to buy. WHIRLPOOL MARKET TARGETING STRATEGY: * Whirlpool through its advertisements has been trying to target the housewives, trying to portray as a partner in homemaking. Hence, the prime target consumer for Whirlpool is Housewives. Whirlpool main targeting strategy is to provide economically viable household products. * They are also targeting in terms of capacity and usage nature of the consumers. Like they have different refrigerators for consumers with requirements of not very big capacities, i. e. Households, Small Shopkeepers and Bachelors etc, then different refrigerators for the middle class con sumers who has average amount of income to dispose and different for the upper class or high class consumers, which includes people with high income and also industries which requires storage capacity of more than 310 Lts. WHIRLPOOL MARKET POSITIONING STRATEGY: Whirlpool has been trying to position itself as partner in homemaking. This has been pretty much evident from the advertisements of Whirlpool. Whirlpool’s advertising tagline is ‘Your magic in Homemaking’. This is Whirlpool’s advertising tagline. Whirlpool’s earlier tagline was â€Å"You ;amp; Whirlpool. The world’s best homemakers. † It has been evolved to reflect the changed homemaker of today versus the yesteryears. Through Whirlpool’s intensive consumer research Whirlpool found that today’s homemaker believes in having everything perfect at home and takes pride in having achieved it! She has begun to look for that something exceptional, something additional in all the brands she chooses to help her achieve that. Whirlpool, as the brand that partners to this demanding homemaker of today, call this quality of hers as ‘magic’ and wish to be the home appliance brand that helps her create her â€Å"magic in homemaking†. Hence the new tagline â€Å"Your’s magic in the homemaking†. MARKET FOLLOWER (GODREJ) SRATEGY: The Godrej have always believed in the innovation. It has always emphasized on the development of new technologies. It invests large amount of its time and energy in R;amp;D. It goal towards strengthening its presence in the market by introducing higher performance refrigerators for providing maximum benefit to consumers. The follower, Godrej is an adapter while following the leaders in the market. It has imitated the commercial refrigeration technique i. e. , direct cooling from the leader of the market but on the other hand it is the India’s first complete range of refrigerators with â€Å"5 Star Energy Rating. † By launching an entire range of 5 Star Rated Refrigerators, it has raised the bar on product efficiency while delivering the best monetary value for the consumers. Thus it is successfully and efficiently moving towards its goal. Godrej marketing segmentation: a)Geographic segmentation: Region: all metro cities and suburbs areas. b) Demographic segmentation: Family size: 1-2, 3-4, 5+ Gender: male, female. Income: 1,50,000Rs and above. Social class: working class, middle class and upper middle class. c) Psychographic segmentation: Lifestyle: culture oriented d) Behavioural segmentation: Occasions: festivals and regular occasions. Benefits: service, economically viable Loyalty status: none, medium, strong, absolute. Readiness stage: unaware, aware, interested, desirous, intending to buy. GODREJ TARGETING STRATEGY: Godrej produces wide range of refrigerators to cater to the different demands of different type of users. In each category, it produces large number of models. Each model has different features and different capacities. While purchasing a refrigerator, determine your requirements and preferences. Godrej refrigerators are designed to have very attractive looks and designs. They have very sleek and stylish frame. They can fit into even small flats and homes. These refrigerators are available in various colors, styles and sizes. Apart from exterior designing, the interior of the Godrej refrigerators is designed ergonomically to offer great convenience of use, so they are targeting middle and working class customers who desires stylish yet economically viable products. They have also introduced 5 star energy rating, it is the first complete range of refrigerators with five star rating. Therefore, they are taking steps toward energy saving and providing more economically viable products, by becoming environment friendly. GODREJ POSITIONING STRATEGY: The tagline of Godrej is ‘Brighter Living’. Godrej says that the only thing cooler than our fridges is the Kulfi we stash in our freezers. With several firsts : swivel, a humidity jog dial, freezer air-current design – Godrej refrigerators have not only stood the test time they have also run head to head in the race with modernity. Godrej EON fridges are available in a host of dashing colors to go with decor and mood. There are polybag suspenders to hang up veggies in fridge. So every day, they are trying to make the world brighter place, with their services and also cooler. Therefore, goes with their tagline brighter living. MARKET NICHER (HAIER) STRATEGY: It is quality price specialist as Haier operates at the highest end of the market. Haier’s strategy mainly concentrates on their constant efforts towards internationalization. Several Chinese manufacturers who entered India priced their products low by compromising on quality, thinking that Indian consumers preferred to buy low priced irrespective of their quality. This gave Indian consumers the impression that anything â€Å"made in China† would be cheap and of poor quality, but Haier break this Indian mentality by introducing high price product for upper premium class only, not compromising on the terms of quality. HAIER MARKET SEGMENTATION: a)Geographic segmentation: Region: all metro cities and urban areas. b) Demographic segmentation: Family size: 1-2, 3-4, 5+ Gender: male, female. Income: 8,00,000Rs and above. Social class: upper middle class, Upper lower class and upper-upper class. c) Psychographic segmentation: Lifestyle: culture oriented ) Behavioral segmentation: Occasions: festivals and regular occasions. Benefits: service, quality oriented. Loyalty status: strong, absolute. Readiness stage: unaware, aware, interested, desirous, intending to buy. HAIER TARGETING STRATEGY: Their targeting strategy is more customer-oriented. Haier understands the consumer needs better and reflects that in consumer offerings. It is a manifestati on of today’s young couple’s lifestyle which connotes speed, style and togetherness. It targets upper premium segment by manufacturing wine coolers in the society. It is the niche segment in the Indian society as the use of the wines in the Indian houses is very less. Only few (very small in number as compared to the market) use the wines and thus Haier in the wine cooler segment caters the need of the only those customers that manufactures wine coolers (which are very few in the numbers with a particular unique demand) thus they are serving the niche segment. Hence their targeting strategy is to target upper premium segment. HAIER POSITIONING STRATEGY: Life is very involving and everyday it offers you new challenges. Haier has peeped into life and come up with ideas that make living enjoyable and joyous. The main brand Idea was that Haier products are Inspired by Life: this is now expressed as Inspired Living. There is also another perspective on Inspired Living. All Haier products are the result of closely studied actual usage patterns of home appliances, i. e. , inspired by everyday life. For example, Haier was the first to launch a Bottom Mounted Refrigerator in the country. It is based on a simple insight that refrigerator shelves are used far more often than the freezer shelf. So Haier has put the freezer at the bottom and refrigerator racks at convenient heights, so that you don’t have to bend your back frequently. As a late entrant into the category, Haier understands the consumer needs better and reflects that in consumer offerings. This is how they write the positioning statement: Haier is better than all other brands for easy adopters because it offers them benefits that help them lead a better life as a result of our endeavour to understand life better and work technology around it. How to cite Marketing and Refrigerators, Papers

Gender Ethnicity Culture And Social Class †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Gender Ethnicity Culture And Social Class. Answer: Introduction The aim of the essay is to discuss about the gender, ethnicity, culture and the social class in relation to that of the childrens experience and how these has an impact on them. Childhood is the age period, which ranges from birth until adolescences. However, as per Piagets theory of cognitive development this phrase of childhood mainly consists of two parts, which are the preoperational, and the concrete operational stage (Black et al. 2017). Social perspective of the childhood is very important to identify the concept of the childhood as they vary according to different societies and the different societies have different approach of childhood which in turn nurtures the overall development of the child and helps in the formation of the profound childhood experience among children (Gehlbach and Brinkworth 2012). Lastly, the term Professionalism can be defined as the behavior, aim or the qualities which an early life educator should have to help in the overall development of the chil d. The professionalism of the educators will help in the growth of child and also find and mitigate any problems faced by the child. However, these concepts are important for children because all these terms are equally important for maximizing the future well-being of a child. Through the childhood experiences, the child develops learning, social, emotional abilities. On the other hand, Social perspectives help in examining the experiences of the children within the framework of time and place. Gender Gender do have a major impact on children as through gender role a child learns social and behavioral norms that are considered suitable for people of various genders. Therefore, an understanding of gender in childhood helps them in their social development as seen among the different African tribes where the children of different genders help in the establishment of their own roles in the society. However, from the very childhood people must know the differences between sex and gender as both are used interchangeably. Moreover, family as well as culture does have a major impact in gender-role socialization as family helps in the acculturation of the gender norms among children and the society enforces the actions and behaviors related to it. Boy and girls in different cultures are dressed differently, receive dissimilar toys and have differently furnished bedrooms by their parents (Antman 2012). For instance, when children start socializing it has been observed that boys choose to play with boys and girls with girls. This happens because since birth children are made aware of their gender roles in a number of societies by giving the children the different kinds of childhood experience based on gender. Globally the gender of a person in the modern society cannot be only attributed based on their biological make up. Every continent however, has two recognized gender but there are countries, which also supports transgender and gay. For instance, in America Transgender rights are very not easy. In Europe, the people are more tolerant about different genders. Early years educators play an important part in the childs life as they subconsciously strengthen gender roles. They are the ones after the family who guides children if they unknowingly behave differently in their gender specified roles. However, not only gender differences but children also learn the concept of child equality through these early professionals (Hart 2013). Reflection helps educators help the children in making the overall decisions relating to the teaching patterns of the children making the experience better. Reflection helps the educator device different plans and study patterns for overall development of the educative patterns of the children. However, through reflection educator can link their previous experiences to formulate better ideas for child education. Thus, educators need to act up and process the information along with synthesizing and analyzing the data before reflecting. Ethnicity The children in their childhood through various ways learn about ethnicity and their ethnic identity. However, parents, community and most importantly the peer group of a child plays a very important role for helping the child to emerge with their ethnic identities. Thus, ethnicity has an impact on the overall physical, social, emotional and cognitive aspects of a child. Ethnicity will have an impact on how a child will develop their eating habits, sense of belongingness, gender roles, respond to the emotional state as well as has an impact on the learning environment (Jia and Persson 2013). Childrens differing ethnic experiences might be able to affect their expectations of assist at the time of desires, in their life satisfaction, emotional welfare as well as in family argument. However, globally it has been seen that children are facing psychosocial and developmental problems, there is also interference in their normal functioning, and these problems are connected with ethnicity. Thus, difference experiences of the childs ethnic experience will have an impact on their attitudes as well as identities through which they might develop a positive or a negative attitude towards the ethnic diversity (Putnam-Hornstein et al. 2013). The effect of ethnicity on children is from a very early age and it can be observed in various countries. In Northern Ireland the children are found to have begun to clearly see themselves as Protestant or catholic until about the age of about five or six, however the pressure of their respective communities have begun much earlier. In England, children have been found to adjust and re-work on the existing stereotypes so that they can make sense of their own experiences and at times just to justify their own actions. It is also impactful for the early years professionals because their beliefs and opinions will further have an influence on how they will teach then children. The teachers thinking will definitely influence the ethnic behavior as their way of treating the childhood of the children will depend on their own experience of childhood. The child will understand more about ethnicity and can increase their effective communication among the early professionals and the children. Through the early professionals, children learn about the various groups, which are represented in their classroom (Villegas, Strom and Lucas 2012). Culture Children learn about their culture at a very early age. Culture shapes experiences as well as influences childrens development. However, it is through culture that children learn about the various behaviors as well as temperaments as in childhood the preferred behaviors either are encouraged or discourages. Moreover, culture consists of the traditionally gathered knowledge, tools as well as attitudes, which encompass the childs overall development of the child. The important elements through which culture influences the child are through language, morality, parenting, worldview and autonomy. Emotional and cognitive development also has an impact through culture in the child as they learn how to poses and express their feelings (Zipes 2013). As observed through the worldwide view on culture regarding its impact in child development is that a childs culture as well as upbringing has a major effect on how they will see the world and the way in which they will process information. In childhood, the children are first aware of the various differences among people and slowly develop forming attitudes and opinions for others. However, differing cultural experiences help children to learn more about the cultural diversity in the world and help them communicate as they grow up (Aronin and Laoire 2013). Across the world, there are different ways how parents develop their children according to their cultural norm and thus, through their parents children first come to know about their culture. In Norway the parents let their children sleep in the cold, in Polynesia the older children are responsible to take care of the younger children, in Japan the parents allow their 7years old children to ride the subway alone. These all varied because of the cultural differences these countries have which are clearly stated in their child rearing practices (Forehand and Kotchick 2016). Early years professions can bring high differences because only through them children can understand that culture is not only the celebrated holidays but also rather it has its own roots and is in it is a unique experience. The early professionals not only engage the children to impact fully participate in education but also to learn by knowing their academic abilities rather than relying on any of the previous racial or ethical stereotypical experiences with other children who have similar kind of background (Ishihara and Cohen 2014). Social class Social class has a vital role to play in the development of a child. Thus, children are often taught the ways that they can fit in their developing personality which associate with their social status. However, when it comes to childhood experiences, social class plays an important role because children belong to the lower social class will always feel deprived from educational success, decreased linguistic knowledge, as well as luxuries, which the upper class children avail just after their birth. However, with different social class the parenting, styles of the parents will also change and so it will affect their education and family (Blanden, Gregg and Macmillan 2013). Children of different social class have different views and beliefs, which they get from their parents. However, therefore a child get different developmental environment depending on their social class. Thus, middle class parents will intervene a lot in their childs life as well as education. In upper class parents, it has been seen that they encourage their children not interfering too much but rather giving them ample chance to grow. Lastly, in lower class the children are mainly found to have grown feeling deprived with many things with are easy for other classes (Kraus et al. 2012). In America social class is an altogether controversial issue because though Americans believes in the three-class model of upper, middle and poor class but the social scientists have proposed more complex models of the socio economic statuses. However, in China it has been seen that the population of middle class is increasing with time. Moreover, in Britain depending on the social class a person gets their economic advantages. Lastly, in UK it has been seen that they face huge social class inequality in educational achievement (Savage et al. 2013). The early years professions can effectually make a difference in the childs life because there builds a connection between the child and the professionals own social background, their skilled dispositions as well as their academic practices. Therefore, it is through the social class and background that the professionals process to reproduce social inequality as well as its interruption (Merritt et al. 2012). Conclusion To conclude this report, it can be said that the early professionals do play an important role in a childs development because it is through them that children learn how to respect the diverse cultural differences. Moreover, they make a child learn about equality. Then regarding ethnicity early years professionals are also important because their thoughts and opinions will be reflected in their guidance to the children. The educators play a major role in the acculturation of the gender roles in the childhood of the children due to the different roles the society may think the children should follow. Therefore, the thoughts and the cultural values of the educators may often reflect in the child. It is through them that a child will get be aware of the various ethnic groups in the society and how to communicate appropriate with everyone. Moreover, regarding culture it has been seen that children learn from that every culture has their own roots rather than just being some celebrated ho lidays. Early year professions of the children make them aware of the various colors of the diverse cultures in this world. Rather than simply following the already made racism and stereotypical behaviors, an early year professional will encourage the child to make new experiences with other children of similar or different backgrounds and therefore, a child get the practical essence of the various cultures all over. Moreover, early years professional also provide the children with the general knowledge from where they come to know that every society is divided in certain classes, which divides the people from certain advantages. Therefore, it is from the family that the childs education of the norms mores customs and values are inculcated. Further, they know about the differences among other children, through their early professionals who guide the children and make them more updated with all kind of practices education and awareness so that these children can have an appropriate knowledge regarding gender, ethnicity, culture and social class. Childhood is thus, said to be the best phrase where children are actually shaped with the right values and education so that they can become a successful human being when they grow up. References Antman, F.M., 2012. Gender, educational attainment, and the impact of parental migration on children left behind.Journal of Population Economics,25(4), pp.1187-1214. Aronin, L. and Laoire, M., 2013. The material culture of multilingualism: moving beyond the linguistic landscape.International Journal of Multilingualism,10(3), pp.225-235. Black, M.M., Walker, S.P., Fernald, L.C., Andersen, C.T., DiGirolamo, A.M., Lu, C., McCoy, D.C., Fink, G., Shawar, Y.R., Shiffman, J. and Devercelli, A.E., 2017. Early childhood development coming of age: science through the life course.The Lancet,389(10064), pp.77-90. Blanden, J., Gregg, P. and Macmillan, L., 2013. Intergenerational persistence in income and social class: the effect of within?group inequality.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society),176(2), pp.541-563. Forehand, R. and Kotchick, B.A., 2016. Cultural Diversity: A Wake-Up Call for Parent TrainingRepublished Article.Behavior therapy,47(6), pp.981-992. Gehlbach, H. and Brinkworth, M.E., 2012. The social perspective taking process: Strategies and sources of evidence in taking anothers perspective. Hart, R.A., 2013.Children's participation: The theory and practice of involving young citizens in community development and environmental care. Routledge. Ishihara, N. and Cohen, A.D., 2014.Teaching and learning pragmatics: Where language and culture meet. Routledge. Jia, R. and Persson, T., 2013. Ethnicity in Children and Mixed Marriages: Theory and Evidence from China.mimo, IIES and UCSD. Kraus, M.W., Piff, P.K., Mendoza-Denton, R., Rheinschmidt, M.L. and Keltner, D., 2012. Social class, solipsism, and contextualism: how the rich are different from the poor.Psychological review,119(3), p.546. Merritt, E.G., Wanless, S.B., Rimm-Kaufman, S.E., Cameron, C. and Peugh, J.L., 2012. The contribution of teachers' emotional support to children's social behaviors and self-regulatory skills in first grade.School Psychology Review,41(2), p.141. Patterson, M.M., 2012. Self-perceived gender typicality, gender-typed attributes, and gender stereotype endorsement in elementary-school-aged children.Sex roles,67(7-8), pp.422-434. Putnam-Hornstein, E., Needell, B., King, B. and Johnson-Motoyama, M., 2013. Racial and ethnic disparities: A population-based examination of risk factors for involvement with child protective services.Child Abuse Neglect,37(1), pp.33-46. Savage, M., Devine, F., Cunningham, N., Taylor, M., Li, Y., Hjellbrekke, J., Le Roux, B., Friedman, S. and Miles, A., 2013. A new model of social class? Findings from the BBCs Great British Class Survey experiment.Sociology,47(2), pp.219-250. Villegas, A.M., Strom, K. and Lucas, T., 2012. Closing the racial/ethnic gap between students of color and their teachers: An elusive goal.Equity Excellence in Education,45(2), pp.283-301. Zipes, J., 2013.Happily ever after: Fairy tales, children, and the culture industry. Routledge.

Becoming a Father and Husband Essays

Becoming a Father and Husband Essays Becoming a Father and Husband Essay Becoming a Father and Husband Essay Many people can probably identify a special time in their life and they may also be able to tell a lot about it but when it comes to being a father there just isn’t much to compete with. In this essay I will tell you all about how becoming a father became a special time in my life and how it blessed me to no end. I will tell how it scared me when I found out I had a son, I will tell how I adapted to becoming a true man, and husband, and I will tell how I was finally blessed with a beautiful baby girl so I hope this is something you enjoy. As a young man live was enjoyable, sure. Life was always giving to me and my free time, not having any responsibility was probably the best thing at that point in my life I just loved living like there was no tomorrow. Eventually, that was all to change, I was living in Corbin, KY at the time when I got a call from my mother telling me she has some news that I needed to come in as soon as possible, so as the next morning soon approached I woke up packed up and came back to Harlan County, KY where I found out that I had a 10 month old child he was a beautiful baby boy and he looked just like me. My mind was unsure I was very scared at the time I wasn’t ready to be a father I wasn’t ready for responsibility nor commitment to him, even with fear in my heart and hesitation in my mind I went for it I took him for the first weekend and never realized how truly amazing it was to spend all that time with him. I fell in love and was so happy I went through with having him for m yself every other weekend. Becoming a man was very hard, I know you’re probably thinking, well, why would he call it a man? Because, a man is someone who steps up to the plate who takes a swing no matter how hard the throw, and that’s exactly what I done even thought I was very scared and worried about this new step I was willing to change everything that I loved to take on this new journey. After a year or so I had become on

Free Essays on Research Methods

There are many ways to go about gathering information for research. Two different yet effective ways to gather this information is through the experimental method and the survey method. Both methods can provide extremely accurate results. The Experimental method allows the researcher to have great control over how the experiment is given. The survey method is accurate because it lets the researcher to get the thoughts and opinions of a much larger sample population. The differences of the two methods are what researches look at when trying to decide what method would be the best for their application. The experimental method allows the researcher to be completely objective, while the questions in a survey may not be phrased quite as objectively. Often, researches want to get â€Å"real world† information. In a case like this, the survey method would be a much better choice. Because of the experimental method’s artificial setting, the results may not reflect what would happen in the â€Å"real world.† With a hypothesis that frustration leads to aggressive behavior, the experimental method would probably show the best, most accurate results. The independent variable is the factor that is being changed and tested by the investigator. The independent variable in the aggressive behavior experiment would be whether or not the sample or subject is frustrated. The dependent variable is the factor being measured by the investigator. In this experiment, the investigator could put the subject through a frustrating task (manipulating the independent variable); the investigator would then measure the difference in the amount of aggression in the person when he/she was frustrated and when he/she was calm. Thus, the dependent variable would be the measure of the amount of aggression the subject had. The control is the subject that has had the independent variable withheld. The best control for this experiment would be to have th... Free Essays on Research Methods Free Essays on Research Methods There are many ways to go about gathering information for research. Two different yet effective ways to gather this information is through the experimental method and the survey method. Both methods can provide extremely accurate results. The Experimental method allows the researcher to have great control over how the experiment is given. The survey method is accurate because it lets the researcher to get the thoughts and opinions of a much larger sample population. The differences of the two methods are what researches look at when trying to decide what method would be the best for their application. The experimental method allows the researcher to be completely objective, while the questions in a survey may not be phrased quite as objectively. Often, researches want to get â€Å"real world† information. In a case like this, the survey method would be a much better choice. Because of the experimental method’s artificial setting, the results may not reflect what would happen in the â€Å"real world.† With a hypothesis that frustration leads to aggressive behavior, the experimental method would probably show the best, most accurate results. The independent variable is the factor that is being changed and tested by the investigator. The independent variable in the aggressive behavior experiment would be whether or not the sample or subject is frustrated. The dependent variable is the factor being measured by the investigator. In this experiment, the investigator could put the subject through a frustrating task (manipulating the independent variable); the investigator would then measure the difference in the amount of aggression in the person when he/she was frustrated and when he/she was calm. Thus, the dependent variable would be the measure of the amount of aggression the subject had. The control is the subject that has had the independent variable withheld. The best control for this experiment would be to have th...

Term paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Term Paper Example It is thus a subjective psychological conditioning that ties goods and services as symbols of status. Status consumption, as originally defined by Thorstein Veblen in his â€Å"Theory of the Leisure Class,† refers to purchasing and the subsequent displays of unnecessary, expensive items in a manner that suggest or rather attract attention to an individual's wealth (39). Veblen though did use the term â€Å"conspicuous consumption,† and since then, the idea of inspirational consumption as a means of outward demonstration of wealth has been a hot topic examined not only in the field of Economics but also in a range of other discipline including marketing, psychology, sociology, to name but a few. Indeed, status consumption has permeated the modern setting, especially in the western world, where spending is not only away of determined by the amount of wealth owned but a unique way of trying to fit within a given social class. According to the theory of consumption, consume r buying behavior is conditioned partly by the intrinsic utility value placed on them, which in effect exceeds the attached price on a given product (Pepall, Richards and Norman 24-25). This description, however, was but a narrow perspective that fell short of accounting for the status that the product may hitherto confer to the bearer. Instinctively, behavioral consumption is a much more complex concept influenced by a myriad of factors far beyond utility maximization. This paper critically examines Status Consumption as an important factor in the theory of market demand. Background For a good or service to qualify as a status brand, two preconditions must hold: a sense of belonging [the â€Å"degree of commonality† concerning relative desirability of association with certain products or brands] and an open, social display of consumption of such products (Duensberry 11). Consumers have the incentives to amplify their consumption with the intention of gaining a position in so cial settings. For those that engage in some kind of self-reporting, a personal concern with status is but a factor that has been identified to motivate such actions. Indeed, the everyday observation of consumption patterns suggests a strong affinity to a direction of superior association with a given product; a fact that finds evidence in the concentration of households spending into furnishing living and dining rooms compared to private rooms such bedrooms. Such self-reporting intentions purposefully aimed at gaining social standing more often results from observed consumption patterns. Individuals often require alibis (reasons) that validate their purchases. Quite a huge chunk of college students’ product buying, for instance, is influenced by the advertising kind of contacts with colleagues. While needs play a fundamental role in the behavioral buying tendencies of consumers, the reality is that majority of products acquired are actually non-necessities in terms of surviv al. In the words of social anthropologist Edmund Leach, individual actions are shaped one way or another by learned behaviors from others within the immediate or observable surroundings (Jones 74). Clearly, if a person do not have adequate information, or simply does not value what being in possession of a Mercedes Benz signals to others in the

Critique of relevant readings and other research on whole school Essay

Critique of relevant readings and other research on whole school development and SDPs linked to my SDP - Essay Example Clough and Corbett say that first education involves professionals been given the responsibility to deal with the handicapped and ‘difficult-to-teach children. Children with special needs need to be taken from normal schools to special schools, which can adequately cater for their needs. Where teachers have special training to handle them and the facilities suit them. Social response sees special education arising from social processes. It is true to say that the education acts of 1981 with its formal structure of assessment and statementing made it possible to remove the boundaries of public expenditure and made it possible to maintain the status quo. Clough and Corbett (2006) say that the different approaches to curricular all circulate upon the fact of what we ask the learner to do, how and when we ask it. This will help the learner establish success, as the community sees it. Using Stenhouse`s research they say that in order to bring into practice classroom and teaching pla ns closer a teacher evaluation is needed for curriculum development to take place. They say that it is only recently in the last decade that school effectiveness was considered something important in schools. Disability studies are entirely different from educational studies. They cite the work of Oliver who wrote the paper ‘The Social and Political Context of Educational Policy: The Case of Special Needs’. Ainscow (2006) inclusion associated with children with special needs when it comes to education. This meaning is gotten from the Education Act 1986 in which inclusion was seen as an act of temporarily or permanently removing a child from school institutions because of disciplinary causes. He defines inclusion as a process that involves overcoming pressures of exclusion, instead of seeing inclusion as being stopped from attending school, seeing it as a way of discriminatory, devaluing and self protection that takes place in the schools and society There are three defi nitions that he gives that the majority of people can accept. The first is that inclusion a way of improving the child`s participation and reducing their exclusion from cultures, the curricula and the communities of the local schools, secondly that it is revising the practices, cultures and practices so as to deal with the different variety of students in schools, and lastly the participation, presence and achievement of children how are likely to face exclusion pressures. Practices such as the reduction of bullying and including parents and professionals in the surroundings of the school in its running are also key aspects of inclusion. Staff in learning institutions should be included when making decisions about learning and teaching activities. The various identities and family backgrounds of the students should also be put into consideration; this will support learning and boost participation of students in school work (Holye, 1). Hoyle (2008) the government wanted that every ch ild no matter their background to have access to health and that they are safe, able to enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution and that they are able to their economic well-being. This involves the institutions giving these services to children such as hospitals, the police and school coming together and establishing ways of delivering their services effectively. There are other challenges that the government of England has to deal with other

Analysis of Inequality Reexamined by Amartya Sen

Analysis of Inequality Reexamined by Amartya Sen Harshal Bhoi Book: Inequality Reexamined Author: Amartya Sen The claims of equality in social arrangements are tested in Inequality Reexamined. Amartya Sen begins by identifying a common characteristic of virtually all the contemporary moral approaches to social arrangement. Amartya Sen studies thoroughly what equality and inequality are in different circumstances. The basic issue that divides the different approaches is not ‘whether equality’ but ‘equality of what’? Will a commitment to equality hide human differences? Let us consider some measurements on which equality may seem appealing such as rights, resources, achievements, and happiness. What’s more consider some of the facts of human diversity such as people differ in social circumstances, abilities and skills and preferences, and values. Diversity seems to cause problems for equality. The motive is differences along the latter dimensions do not include simultaneous equalization. Different skills and the differences of reward they command allude that equal rights will probably change into unequal material resources; differences of preference and value suggest that equal material resources will translate into unequal achievements. A blanket cling of equality, then, leads blindness to diversity. As an issue of human diversity, equality in any one area infers inequalities in others. One characteristic understanding of equality would oblige that individuals be guaranteed equal means for seeking after their disparate aims; a second would oblige that the distribution of resources guarantee everybody just as great results, similarly great lives. Amartya Sens Inequality Reexamined rejects both, arguing rather that individuals should face just as equally desirable life prospects-equal capability for working, to utilize his official terminology. Given the differing qualities of abilities, similarly attractive life prospects will oblige unequal means; given contrasts in what individuals make of their prospects, it will yield unequal results. Anyway, as indicated by Sen, it guarantees equality of effective freedom to accomplish prosperity. Inequality Reexamined covers numerous questions identified with inequality, its focal intention is to clarify Sens view that relevant egalitarianism calls for equality across individuals of abilities to function. Functionings consist of different doings and beings, for example, moving around, meeting expectations, being overall sustained, additionally more subjective states, for example, being happy and having sense of pride. Sens methodology from other egalitarian proposals essentially in two ways: 1 non-welfarist, as in workings other than satisfaction and 2non-resourcist as in the justness of a distribution cant be found out essentially by knowing the bundle of goods accessible to individuals. Sen advances the capability approach to solving a portion of the issues about which he is writing. The capability approach permits people the right and the ability to seek after their own particular prosperity inside their social orders. The equality Sen proclaims stems to a great extent from political and moral strengthening: It is a uniformity of chance. Sens capability methodology get conclusion to what people truly want. Sen wants to arrange his perspective as advocating equality of freedom to achieve as opposed to equality of opportunity, evidently in light of the fact that he discovers opportunity excessively related to a limited, formal conception. To complete the representation of the capability view, two capabilities concerning content and scope are vital. As to content: the necessity of equal capabilities for functioning does not oblige identity of capability sets. Unique capability sets may be just as great. Furthermore important, Sens intersection approach to the foundations of interpersonal correlations accentuates that matches of capacity sets may be incommensurable. Incommensurability emerges from the diversity of conceptions of the good. Incommensurability, and related limits on interpersonal comparisons of advantage, rises straight forwardly as an issue of the pluralism of conceptions of the good and the undesirability of resting correlations on a single conception; those points of confinement dont rely on upon epistemological or magical claims, or on natural gimmicks of extensive evaluative conceptions themselves. Assume we have full data and a set of conflicting conceptions of the good, each of which gives a complete ordering of capability sets. At that point, if we wish to find support within the diverse conceptions of the good for interpersonal correlations made for the reasons of a record of justice, we should face incommensurability. Anyway the wish to discover such support is itself one expression of the concern to accommodate diversity. An equivalent capability for functioning is a record of equity, not of the offset of political values. Despite the fact that Sen does not describe the full scope of political values, or their relative weight, he does note that equality of abilities is not a full account of justice. Consider two individuals who face the same limited capability set. In one case, then again, the limits reflect coercively forced legal restrictions; in the other they reflect internal weakness. In spite of the fact that this discrimination will go unrepresented in the space of capabilities, a conceivable record of justice cannot be for it. Thus, the capability perspective, central as it is for a theory of equality, cant be completely sufficient for it. There is a true need to acquire the demands of liberty as an additional principle. Any improvement in a specialists environment-cleaner water, for instance counts as a change capability for functioning: a change in water quality constitutes a change in the set of beings and doings that exist in an agents reach. However why does this change, separated from any further impacts it may have, constitute an increase in effective freedom? Improved water quality will probably reduce the amount of time that individuals need to use ensuring clean water, and that implies greater freedom. Be that as it may Sen goes further, demanding that the change itself constitutes an expansion of freedom, and not just a welfare gain. His reason is that the specialists would have chosen the change, and the idea of counterfactual decision what one would have chosen if one had the decision is relevant to ones freedom. Sens contention for the capability approach interfaces equality of capabilities to the naturally appealing thought of equivalent effective freedom. I agree with Sens stress on the estimation of effective freedom. Reasons behind being concerned with formal freedom are ordinarily also good reasons behind being concerned with effective freedom: in the event that we are concerned to guarantee formal freedom on account of its connection with the pride of individuals, or the importance of a public affirmation of equivalent worth, then we should likewise to be concerned about effective freedom with what people have the capacity do with their freedom. But Sen does not show a compelling case for the claim that ability for functioning explains the intuitive idea of effective freedom. Furthermore clearly capability is a more extensive thought. An additionally promising line of argument for the capability perspective proceeds by means of criticism of leading alternative accounts of equality. Sen argues specifically that the functioning perspective gives a superior interpretation of equality than equality of accomplishments or equality of means. Sens important focus in his discussion of equality of means is John Rawls. In A Theory of Justice, Rawls contends that justice commands the security of equal essential liberties and the maximization of the base level of earnings and wealth. Furthermore he urges that the fulfilment of these commands will accomplish the end of social justice, which is to increase the value to the slightest advantaged of the complete plan of equal liberty shared by all. The worth of liberty is a matter of what individuals can do with their rights-how beneficial the equal liberties are to them. As Rawlss emphasis on the worth of liberties indicates, then, he agrees with Sen that what matters for social justice is substantive or effective freedom. Where they disagree is that Rawls supposes that the worth of a persons liberty is determined by the level of the primary goods of income, wealth, powers, and authority at the persons disposal. That is why he thinks that protecting basic liberties and satisfying the difference principle-maximizing the minimum level of income and wealth-suffices to maximize the minimum worth of liberty. Sen, in effect, denies that primary goods are an adequate index of the worth of liberty: (e)quality of freedom to pursue our ends cannot be generated by equality in the distribution of primary goods. Human diversity suggests pervasive differences in the capacity of people to change target conditions (assets, primary goods, circumstances) into functioning. Furthermore that implies we shall not find anything such that balancing it ensures an interpersonal equalization of capability sets (something besides capability sets themselves). Or-accepting that those sets represent the extent of freedom nothing such that equalising it equalises the extent of freedom. Thus, on a fundamental level in any event, social assessment of equality, poverty, and justice should continue specifically as far as the extent of freedom as represented by capability sets and not regarding a subset of the components that focus the extent of freedom. Sens reactions of equality of achievement underscore its restricted power. Also his objections to equality of means specifically, primary goods-point as far as possible in that idea, as well. But the last criticisms are in the end less convincing. Sen is right in urging that justice requires a concern with the value of freedom; and, as cases of disability and desperation show, essential goods are at best case scenario an imperfect substitute for that worth. So there are some cases in which the concern for effective freedom committed to equality requires that we look beyond the distribution of essential goods. What is less clear is the way best to react to those limits. Both the essential goods view and the capability theory assume a capacity for individuals to take responsibility for their aims, and that obligation would require the individual to adjust their aims to the accessible scope of chances. On the off chance that this is correct, then given a background of far reaching opportunities, equal chances for individuals with equal abilities will significantly limit the scope of inequalities by the lights of the capability approach. In perspective of the instructive focal points of essential goods, we might use them CONCLUSION To finish up, Inequality Re-examined makes two key focuses: the first point is the truths of differences confuse our understanding of equality; and the second point is a conceivable origination of equality will have some association with the thought of equivalent access to what individuals have inspiration to value. What is less clear is that recognition of human diversity qualities obliges us, as an issue matter, to make examinations in regards to capabilities. Importance of incommensurability, restricted data, obligation, and the need-in any event as an issue matter-for a thought of seriousness recommend that essential goods correlations will suffice in the cases-separated from disability and desperation in which the capability methodology is generally dubious.

Offer and Acceptance Essay

For this case the major issue is whether a valid contract is made between Tina and Yatie, and whether the the offer by Yatie was revoked or not. According to (Miller & Jentz, 2010) every contract will involve atleast two parties. That is the offeror and the offeree. The offerer is the party who makes the offer, and the offeree is the person to whom the offer is made to. OFFER As per (Clarkson, Miller, Jentz, & Cross, 2009) an offer is a promise or commitment to do or not to do a certain thing. And there are three elements for an effective offer to be legally bounding from the common law. They are: the intention must be serious, its terms should be definite, and must be communicated to the oferee. In this case Yatie sends the offer letter proposing to supply hancrafts to Tina. The offer clearly satisfies these elements. Firstly it is evident that Yatie’s serious intention as she requested a written acceptance from Tina, as an objective aproach. If we look in to the case of Lucy v. Zehmer, 196 Va. 493; 84 S.E.2d 516 [1954], the parties signed a document which was for the sale of land and it was binding. Similarly in this case the intention to create legal relations is evident from the Yaties request to Tina to send a written acceptance. Secondly it has clear terms (to supply handcrafts) of what they are going to do. The offer from Yatie was clear in this case, and unlike in the case of Ahmad Meah & Anor v. Nacodah Merican [1890] 4 Ky 583 where offer was too vague. And for the last element, the communication of the offer was complete when it was received by Tina (the intended party) on 4th September 2011 and when it becomed knowledge to Tina, in line with the section 4(1) of the Contracts Act 1950: Act 136 (CA) So the offer by Yatie was complete. ACCEPTANCE Looking into the acceptance, Tina’s acceptance was communicated by her staff Anis. Acceptance is the voluntary agreement to the terms of the offer by the offeree (Clarkson, Miller, Jentz, & Cross, 2009). As Tina requested her staff Anis (an agent for Tina while Tina is the principal) to noitify her acceptance of the offer to Yatie. According to (Schneeman, 2010) because of the fiduciary relationship between the agent and the principal, the agent can act on behalf of the principal. If Anis accepted the offer as in the case of Powell v Lee [1908] 99 LT 284, then the acceptance will be held as not communicated. But in this case Anis was given actual authority from Tina by granting expressly verbally to accept the proposal of Yatie by asking to fax the acceptance. When Anis telephoned on 7th September 2011 to Yatie’s office to confirm the acceptance, that is also acceptance enough, as in the case of Tinn v Hoffman [1873] 29 LT 271 the ruling was although a writen acceptance is requested, other methods such as telegram and verbal messeges can be used as means of acceptance. Even in the case of Adams v Lindsell [1818] EWHC KB J59 it was held that that the acceptance was communicated although the acceptance letter got misdirected and delayed. Therefore Tina’s acceptance will be effective on 6th September 2011. When Anis posted the letter on 6th September 2011, the acceptance was completed; as from that moment onwards the control of delivering the message is out of control by Anis on behalf of Tina. Section 4(2)(a) of CA affirms so for the acceptor. And according to (Miller & Jentz, 2010) for such situations the ‘mail box rule’, which is also reffered to as the ‘postal rule’ or the ‘deposited acceptance rule’ will apply. And this rule was formed to avoid the confusion of situations similar to this case of Tina and Yatie. CONSIDERATION Consideration is the reason for the promise. And if there is no consideration in an agreement, the contract would be void as per Section 26 of CA. In this case Tina commited to receive Yatie’s offer of handicrafts supply, and the commitment is consideration enough as per Section 2(d) of CA. Yatie will expect Tina to complete her transaction. And with Tina’s acceptance, her commitment will probably have affected her other business activities, and she also probably have rejected other business opportunities and offers due to her commitment to Yatie. So the consideration has passed between Yatie and Tina. REVOCATION When the revocation of the offer is sent the acceptance is already posted. And the outcome is that the revocation by the offoror will only be effective when the revocation becomes knowledge to the offeree. But when the oferee dispatches the acceptance, it will instantly be effective. The case of Byrne v Van Tienhoven [1880] 5 CPD 344 illustrates the acceptance & revocation of the offer by postal rule. In that case the facts are that the revocation of the offer will only be communicated when the offeree receive it. And not on the date the offeror posts the revocation. Section 4(2)(b) of CA gives the condition that the offerors revocation will only be completed when the intended party is aware about it. And for the revocation SMS on 8th September 2011 by Yatie would not apply, as it was sent after the acceptance by Tina which was on the 6th September 2011. For example even if the Yatie’s SMS was sent before the acceptance, the revocation will still not be effective because as per the section 4(2)(b) of CA. But if we look into the case of Holwell Securities v Hughes [1974] 1 WLR 155, the postal rule was overruled, since the defendant had specified to give the acceptance notice in writing before a certain deadline and was held that the offeror should actually receive it. Based on this ground, Yatie can claim that she had specified the acceptance to be given in writing and she did not actually receive the acceptance. But if we look into the section 5 (3) of the CA, a proposal may be revoked at any time before the communication of its acceptance, and is complete as against the proposer, but not afterwards. And thus the above said case (Holwell v Hughes) is overruled by the contracts Act. And in this case offer, acceptance and consideration were complete. And revocation by Yatie was not complete since Tina did not receive it before her acceptance. So, looking in to the facts, its highly probable for a valid promise to exist between Yatie and Tina.

Ethical Consideration Project

The health care delivery system is constantly changing it will continue to impact the kinds of services that are provided by religiously affiliated institutions. The pursuit of increased health care coverage and access at decreased cost will undoubtedly result in market and legal pressure on Catholic sponsored hospitals that provide health care, because it would contravene their ethical, moral, and religious principles. Currently, the law does not compel religious institutions to provide care that does not comport with their beliefs this is a means that has to stop especially concerning the well-being of the patient. This continual evolution of ethical, moral, and religious health care delivery, however, threatens to diminish, if not completely shut down the ability of these sectarian hospitals to maintain control over the kinds of medical care that they provide. Specifically, in this era pervasive federal and state regulations of health care delivery will put pressure on religious providers to give care even if it is against their philosophical foundation or they will risk the chance of going out of business because of the lack of government funding like Medicare and Medicaid. The states pursuit of reform and the provisional requirement of health care services are now increasing even more, hospitals are now more reliant on government funding so there is a tension between Catholic hospital and government to give patients the proper care that is needed which is not based on moral beliefs. Because Catholic hospitals frequently cite religious, and moral beliefs as the bases for rejecting patient demands for abortion, and in this case the morning after pill as discussed in the Brownfield case this looming conflict between religious freedom and patient access for care will continue to grow. This growing conflict has brought difficulty to the legal, social, and to the policy makers who must attempt to resolve this issue. In the Brownfield case the morning-after pill prevents fertilization or inhibits implantation of the fertilized egg. A rape victim should have the necessary treatment available or get referred to another hospital and in an event that they are not given the proper treatment they should have a viable claim for medical malpractice. I agree with the decision that was made by the judge and here is my reasoning. If the morning after pill is given to a rape victim it stops the attachment of a fetus which was conceived under a vicious crime which would not be considered an abortion since the morning after pill has prevented the attachment. I think that it is a patient’s right to control their own health care and that this should prevail over any hospitals moral and religious convictions, because we as patients need to know what is available and the best treatment out there to insure our well-being.